Brochures, Fact Sheets & Articles
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Fact Sheet: Diarrhea (In Adults and Children)
180By: Information Adapted from the National Diseases Information Clearinghouse NIH
Diarrhea - loose, watery stools occurring more than three times in one day - is a common problem that usually lasts a day or two and goes away on its own without any special treatment. However, prolonged diarrhea can be a sign of other problems. People with diarrhea may pass more than a quart of stool a day. Diarrhea can cause dehydration, which means the body lacks enough fluid to function properly. Dehydration is particularly dangerous in children and the elderly, and it must be treated promptly to avoid serious health problems. Causes, treatment, and prevention are discussed. Revised and updated 2009.
Topics: Diarrhea, Diarrhea, loose stoolsNon-Member Price: FREE
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Fact Sheet: Your Digestive System and How It Works
190By: Information Adapted from the National Diseases Information Clearinghouse NIH
The digestive system is a series of hollow organs joined in a long, twisting tube from the mouth to the anus. A description of why digestion is important, how food is digested, how food moves through the digestive system, nutrients, and how the process is controlled. Revised and updated 2009.
Topics: Digestive System, Digestive System, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Motility, Other Disorders/SymptomsNon-Member Price: FREE
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Brochure, Fact Sheet: Strategies for Establishing Bowel Control
302By: Mary K. Plummer, OTR, BCIA-PMBD
Bowel training refers to behavioral programs designed to help people with bowel disorders establish or reestablish control. Individuals with symptoms of inability to control bowel movements, incomplete emptying, or chronic constipation may benefit from these programs.
Also available offline as a glossy color brochure (3.5" x 8.5"). Contact IFFGD for details.
Non-Member Price: FREE
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Fact Sheet: Dietary and Nutritional Recommendations for Patients with Gastroparesis
537By: Carol Rees Parrish, RD, MS; Edy Soffer, MD; Henry P. Parkman, MD
The treatment of patients with gastroparesis generally relies on dietary modifications, medications that enhance gastric emptying, and medications that reduce nausea and vominting. This article offers tips for overcoming nausea, vomiting, and stomach fullness using dietary measures.
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Dietary and Nutritional Recommendations for Patients with Dumping Syndrome (Rapid Gastric Emptying)
539By: Carol Rees Parrish, RD, MS; Henry C. Lin, MD; Henry P. Parkman, MD
Dumping syndrome describes a collection of symptoms that occurs when food is emptied too quickly from the stomach, filling the small intestine with undigested food that is not adequately prepared to permit efficient absorption of nutrients in the small intestine. Symptoms include nausea, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, dizzy spells, weakness, and cold sweats either with or after eating. Medical management involves dietary changes, and at times, the use of medications.
Topics: Diarrhea, loose stools, Diet, Foods, Motility, Other Disorders/Symptoms, Stomach Disorders, Stomach DisordersNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Electrical Stimulation and Pacing for Digestive Disorders: a Status Report
540By: Paul E. Hyman, MD; Richard W. McCallum, MD
Nerves and muscles respond actively to an electric stimulus. The role and progress for electrical pacing and stimulation in the gastrointestinal tract, including the stomach as well as the intestines, and treatment possibilities for disorders such as chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction and severe constipation are discussed.
Topics: Colonic inertia, Pseudo-obstruction, Colonic motility, inertia, pseudo-obstruction, Constipation, difficult to pass stools, Constipation, difficult to pass stools, Gastroparesis, Gastroparesis, Motility, Stomach Disorders, Stomach DisordersNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: 7-Day Diary
7DDBy: International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders IFFGD
For reflux disease (GERD) or chronic heartburn, a one week daily diary to help you get the most out of your next doctor visit.
Non-Member Price: FREE
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Brochure, Fact Sheet: Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction
801Your child has been diagnosed as having intestinal pseudo-obstruction or some other form of chronic gastrointestinal motility disorder. This brochure has been written to help you understand these disorders and the effects they may have on your child.
Also available offline as a glossy color brochure (3.5" x 8.5"). Contact IFFGD for details.
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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Brochure: Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants and Children
802By: Carlo DiLorenzo, MD; Mark S. Glassman, MD
This article is intended to answer some commonly asked questions from parents/caregivers of infants and children with gastroesophageal reflux (GER). GER is the movement of stomach contents into the esophagus.
Topics: GER, GERD, Tests, upper GI tractNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Brochure: Hirschsprung's Disease
803By: Jacob C. Langer, MD; International Foundation for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders IFFGD
This fact sheet was written to answer questions about Hirschsprung's disease, treatment, surgery, and follow up.
Topics: Anal, Rectal Disorders, Constipation, difficult to pass stools, Hirschsprung's Disease, MotilityNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction in Children: An Overview
804Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIP) is the name given to a number of rare disorders that cause impaired gastrointestinal motility (movement in the digestive tract). A diagnosis of CIP is based on symptoms that occur when the intestine is blocked and on clinical findings. In pseudo-obstruction, the symptoms are caused not by a surgically correctable tumor, twist, or ulcer in the bowel, but by a problem having to do with the strength or coordination of the contractions that move along the contents of the bowel.
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Dyspepsia in Children
807Dyspepsia refers to pain or discomfort centered in the upper abdomen. The symptom characteristics of dyspepsia in children are pain and discomfort in the upper middle region of the abdomen. Individuals often describe the pain as occurring around eating, after eating, or at night. The discomfort can be a sensation of fullness after meals, an early feeling of having had enough to eat (satiety), bloating, belching, nausea, retching, vomiting, regurgitation, anorexia, or food refusal. Diagnosis and treatment discussed. Revised and updated 2009.
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Do we need Colonic Manometry to Diagnose Functional Fecal Retention?
808By: Jose Cocjin, MD
Most people feel that a daily stool is a sign of good health at any age. Some people pay close attention to the frequency, size, and consistency of their children's stools. Any deviation from the expected norm is a source of concern and leads to a call or visit to the doctor's office. About 3% of visits to the pediatrician's office, and 25% of pediatric gastroenterology specialist visits, are for constipation. Functional fecal retention is the most common cause of childhood constipation.
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Bellyaches in Children
809Every child complains about a bellyache now and then. How can a parent tell what is wrong, and if it is dangerous? It is not always easy. Children less than 5 or 6 years of age often do not have the words to describe their sensations accurately. Toddlers do not separate emotional from physical distress. The young child's bellyache may represent hunger, fatigue, or a need to use the bathroom. School age children may wake with bellyaches on school days. Are they sick, or just anxious about an important test? Revised and updated 2009.
Topics: Constipation, difficult to pass stools, Dyspepsia, pain in upper abdomen or chest, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Lower Abdominal Pain, Pelvic PainNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Childhood Defecation Disorders: Constipation and Soiling
810The purpose of this publication is to describe the characteristics and treatment of four pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders that prompt parents to bring their child to the doctor for constipation and/or soiling: infant dyschezia, functional constipation, functional fecal retention, and non-retentive fecal soiling. [A functional disorder refers to a condition where the primary abnormality is an altered physiological function (the way the body works) rather than an abnormality that is characterized by tissue damage or inflammation.] Revised and updated 2009.
Topics: Anal, Rectal Disorders, Constipation, difficult to pass stools, Fecal soiling, incontinence, IncontinenceNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Antroduodenal Manometry: Questions and Answers
811Your child is scheduled for a specialized test called antroduodenal manometry. This information will help to prepare you and your child so the experience is as successful as it can be.
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Colon Manometry: Questions and Answers
812Your child is scheduled for a specialized test called colon manometry that will check the motility of the colon. This guide will help to prepare you and your child so that the experience is as successful as it can be.
Topics: Anal, Rectal Disorders, Colonic inertia, Pseudo-obstruction, Hirschsprung's Disease, Motility, Tests, lower GI tractNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Avoid Overmedicalizing by Recognizing Aerophagia Before the Big Work-up
814Answers to the questions: My 3-year old child has abdominal distention every day. He starts the day with a flat belly, but each time he eats it gets bigger until the evening, when it sticks way out. He feels so full that he doesn't eat a good dinner. He has terrible gas all night long. We hear the gas passing when we walk by his room as he sleeps. What can we do to help our child?" Revised and updated 2009.
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Disorders of Defecation in Children: What is the Role of the Surgeon?
816When a new baby is born, we assume that he or she will spend most of the first few months of life engaged in a small number of basic activities: sleeping, feeding, peeing, and pooping. The passage of waste is a basic function of all living organisms, which is so ingrained and routine that most of us do not even think twice about it. The inability to defecate in children is usually due either to a problem with formation of the anus or with the inability of the colon to push the stool from one end to the other (Hirschsprung's disease and other motility disorders).
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome
817Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) was first described about 120 years ago by Dr. Samuel Gee, the erudite British physician. Interest in the syndrome was revived when Kathleen Adams, a parent of an affected child founded the Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Association in 1993. She enlisted the support of pediatric gastroenterologists, Drs. David Fleisher and B.U.K. Li, who recognized that better treatment of the disorder would only occur if the syndrome could be scientifically defined for medical researchers. This article describes CVS and approaches to treatment.
Topics: CVS, Motility, Nausea, vomiting, Nausea, vomiting, Other Disorders/Symptoms, Other Disorders/Symptoms, Stomach Disorders, Stomach DisordersNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Rumination Syndrome in Children and Adolescents
822By: Heather J. Chial, MD; Michael Camilleri, MD
Rumination syndrome is an under-recognized condition in pediatric and adolescent patients. The purpose of this article is to describe the characteristics and treatment of this disorder that prompts parents to bring their child to the doctor for evaluation of regurgitation or vomiting up of food after eating and to answer common questions about the condition. Reviewed 2009.
Topics: Other Disorders/SymptomsNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Infant Dyschezia: Looking out for Number Two
823Defecation requires two coordinated events: pelvic floor relaxation and an increase in intra abdominal pressure. The coordination of the defecatory act carries with it developmental overtones and the failure to meet developmental milestones in the control of defecation results in functional symptoms.
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: What's New in Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders?
824By: Arlene Caplan, PhD; Andrée Rasquin, MD
The field of pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) is growing at an ever-increasing pace. Increasingly, clinicians are seeking out knowledge about FGIDs in children as well as methods to better help these young patients and their families deal with them. This article reviews the emerging research data on pediatric FGIDs, which can be used in clinical practice to inform children and families about these disorders and their treatment.
Topics: Dyspepsia, pain in upper abdomen or chest, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Lower Abdominal Pain, Pelvic PainNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: The Global Approach To Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders
825By: Arlene Caplan, PhD; Andrée Rasquin, MD
In this article, we will describe our own "Global Approach" to the treatment of pediatric FGIDs, which can be adapted for use by any multidisciplinary team dedicated to helping these youngsters and their families cope with these disorders.
Topics: Dyspepsia, pain in upper abdomen or chest, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Lower Abdominal Pain, Pelvic PainNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Infant Regurgitation
826Regurgitation is when the stomach contents flow back up the esophagus and into the mouth. It is a type of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) – the other type being occult or silent reflux. Silent reflux is when the contents of the stomach only go part way up the esophagus. Infants tend to have more regurgitation episodes than silent episodes of GER as compared to adults.
Topics: GER, GERD, Other Disorders/SymptomsNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Functional Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Children and Adolescents
827Without thinking much about it, most of us expect that doctors will be able to "explain" our aches, pains, and complaints by finding some sort of tissue damage or disease that causes our discomfort. Despite such expectations, many of us have learned that not all physical suffering can be neatly explained by a physical examination or by medical tests and procedures. Doctors call physical disorders that are real but not caused by tissue damage "functional" disorders. Children with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) and their families struggle with this sometimes frustrating and confusing situation every day. This article reviews characteristics, causes, and treatments.
Topics: Dyspepsia, pain in upper abdomen or chest, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Lower Abdominal Pain, Pelvic Pain, Pain ManagementNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Know Thy Laxatives: A Parent's Guide to the Successful Management of Chronic Functional Constipation in Infants and Children
828By: Joseph Levy, MD; Diana Volpert, MD
Constipation remains one of the most common intestinal problems affecting children – and a source of bewilderment and worry for many parents. Fortunately, most constipation in infants and children is not caused by any serious underlying medical disease. The challenge, therefore, is for parents to manage constipation, guided by an understanding of why their child experiences difficulties when evacuating stool.
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) in Children and Adolescents
829By: Information Adapted from the National Diseases Information Clearinghouse NIH
Irritable bowel syndrome is a disturbance of bowel function that includes symptoms of abdominal pain or discomfort and altered bowel habit (change in frequency or consistency) – chronic or recurrent diarrhea, constipation, or both in alternation.
Topics: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)Non-Member Price: FREE
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Fact Sheet: Defecation Disorders after Surgery for Hirschsprung's Disease
830Over 1,000 new cases of Hirschsprung's disease are diagnosed in the USA every year. More than half the children treated appropriately with surgery for Hirschsprung's disease suffer from chronic problems with constipation, incontinence, and/or abdominal pain. Even as adults, over half will experience occasional episodes of incontinence, and 10% will endure constipation unresponsive to medical management. Nonetheless, adjustment for teenagers and young adults with Hirschsprung's disease is not different than for healthy children; successful adjustment depends largely on family support. Revised and updated 2009.
Topics: Anal, Rectal Disorders, Constipation, difficult to pass stools, Constipation, difficult to pass stools, Fecal soiling, incontinence, Hirschsprung's Disease, Incontinence, MotilityNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Report from IFFGD Research Award Winner: Biopsychosocial Perspectives on Assessment and Treatment
831I am particularly interested in identifying factors that predispose children and adolescents with functional gastrointestinal disorders to experience disability and identifying psychosocial factors that affect treatment outcome.
Topics: Constipation, difficult to pass stools, Fecal soiling, incontinence, Incontinence, Lower Abdominal Pain, Pelvic Pain, Pain Management, ResearchNon-Member Price: FREE
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Fact Sheet: Gastroesophageal Reflux in Children and Adolescents
832By: Information Adapted from the National Diseases Information Clearinghouse NIH
Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) occurs when stomach contents back up into the esophagus (the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach) during or after a meal. This article reviews symptoms, tests, and treatment options.
Topics: GER, GERDNon-Member Price: FREE
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Fact Sheet: Constipation in Young Children
833Answers to the questions: Are there long-term affects of an acute inflammatory disease of the intestines that occurs mainly in under-weight or premature infants called NEC [Necrotizing enterocolitis]? Could having constipation now do any damage to an affected child's bowel as a result of his having had this disease? Reviewed 2009.
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Report from IFFGD Research Award Winner: Using the Fetal Gastrointestinal Tract to Overcome Neonatal Disease
834By: Terry Buchmiller-Crair, MD
As a practicing Pediatric Surgeon, I have been struck by the challenges of dealing with severe neonatal growth retardation and gastrointestinal problems after birth. The gestational period before birth provides an intriguing time for possible maternal-fetal interventions, which could hopefully minimize, or eliminate the developing baby's problems. I would like to share a few of our ideas and progress in the laboratory in studying fetal gastrointestinal development during the last trimester of gestation. This time period correlates to the 6th-9th month of human pregnancy.
Topics: Other Disorders/Symptoms, ResearchNon-Member Price: FREE
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Fact Sheet: Report from IFFGD Research Award Winner: Research into Treatment-Resistant Constipation in Children
835Constipation and fecal soiling in children and teenagers are major impediments to education. Schools will not accept children who cannot toilet themselves. Children whose soiled clothing gives off an odor are ostracized by others. We have developed a 6 point approach to treating children with chronic constipation.
Topics: Constipation, difficult to pass stools, Fecal soiling, incontinence, Incontinence, Motility, ResearchNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Report from IFFGD Research Award Winner: Symptoms Arising from Non-Acid Reflux in Children
836Because of the large public health impact of chronic respiratory disease, doctors have been searching for a cause for these high rates of disease. One factor implicated as a cause is gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Despite acid blocking medications, some patients continue to experience severe respiratory symptoms. One explanation is that patients are experiencing relux that is missed by currently available tests and that is not effectively treated by acid suppression medications. This reflux has been termed "non-acid reflux."
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Report from IFFGD Research Award Winner: Home Based Guided Imagery to Treat Pediatric Functional Abdominal Pain
837Functional Abdominal Pain (FAP) is a frustrating condition for the family. The stomachaches and accompanying symptoms are unpredictable and not easily modifiable. Children may miss school and miss out on other things such as peer and family events. Many parents feel unable to cope and rely on medical professionals for diagnosis and treatment. Recent studies suggest that guided imagery and self-hypnosis are promising optioins for treating FAP.
Topics: Dyspepsia, pain in upper abdomen or chest, Lower Abdominal Pain, Pelvic Pain, Pain, Pain Management, ResearchNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Helping Children and Adolecents Cope With Abdominal Pain
838By: Lynn Walker, PhD
Health professionals use the term 'cope' to describe how we respond to difficult or unwanted situations. Children or adolescents who have bowel disorders need help to cope effectively with symptoms of recurrent abdominal pain and unpredictable bowel symptoms as they go about their daily lives. A knowledgeable physician or therapist can help provide the family and the child with positive skills to help respond effectively. In this article Dr. Walker provides useful tips on: going to school, using the bathrooms, and interacting with teachers and classmates.
Topics: abdomen, abdominal, Lower Abdominal Pain, Pelvic Pain, Pain, Pain, Pain Management, Patient Education, Stress, support, TreatmentNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Hirschsprung’s Disease in Children and Adults
839Hirschsprung’s disease is an illness that people are born with (congenital), in which there is a lack of nerve cells (ganglion cells) in the segments of the intestinal tract located in the colon or rectum. Since the first operative curative technique for Hirschsprung’s disease was described in 1948, progress in diagnostic methods and surgical techniques have allowed the survival and successful treatment of most children with Hirschsprung’s disease. In spite of these advances, postoperative problems continue to occur. Recently, research has produced a better understanding of the disease, knowledge that will undoubtedly lead to further refinements of the surgical techniques and better treatment of these patients.
Topics: Hirschsprung's Disease, MotilityNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Bowel Problems in Adults After Surgical Treatment for Childhood Hirschsprung’s Disease
840By: Kasaya Tantiphlachiva, MD; Satish S.C. Rao, MD, PhD, FRCP (LON)
Hirschsprung’s disease is a rare illness that people are born with (congenital). It occurs annually in about 1 in 5,000 live births. In Hirschsprung’s disease there is a lack of nerve cells (ganglion cells) in segments of the intestinal tract located in the colon and/or rectum.
The treatment is surgery to remove the abnormal bowel segment and restore bowel continuity. Following surgical treatment, most children have a good outcome, but some have persistent bowel problems such as constipation, soiling, fecal incontinence, and inflammation in the colon (enterocolitis). These symptoms can impact the quality of life, which also needs to be addressed.
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Gastroesophageal Reflux in Children and Adolescents
841By: Information Adapted from the National Diseases Information Clearinghouse NIH
Gastroesophageal reflux occurs when stomach contents reflux, or back up, into the esophagus during or after a meal. GER often begins in infancy, but only a small number of infants continue to have GER as older children. This article discusses the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of GER in children.
Non-Member Price: FREE
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Fact Sheet: Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction
843By: William F. Norton, Publications Editor, IFFGD; Carlo DiLorenzo, MD
Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIP) is a rare disorder of gastrointestinal motility where coordinated contractions (peristalsis) in the intestinal tract become altered and inefficient. When this happens, nutritional requirements cannot be adequately met. This article discusses the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments of CIP. Reviewed 2009.
Topics: Colonic inertia, Pseudo-obstruction, Constipation, difficult to pass stools, Diarrhea, Lower Abdominal Pain, Pelvic Pain, Nausea, vomitingNon-Member Price: $0.99
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Fact Sheet: Report From IFFGD Research Award Winner: Functional Abdominal Pain in Children and Adolescents
844By: Miguel Saps, MD; Gati Dhroove, MD
Miguel Saps, M.D. is the recipient of the 2009 IFFGD Research Award for Junior Investigator, Pediatrics. Dr. Saps is an innovative researcher who has done much to increase understanding of the prevalence and impact of functional GI disorders among children, as well as how to help children with functional abdominal pain. He is instrumental in establishing clinical care models for children with complex pain predominant conditions.
Non-Member Price: $0.99
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